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OSTEOMY STEOMYELITIS

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Osteomyelitis is inflammation of the bone caused by an infecting organism.Bone infections are caused when a break in the skin allows germs, usually bacteria, to spread into bone tissue. Bacteria can also spread from infections in other parts of the body by traveling through the blood to infect a bone.
Types
Acute:
Acute osteomyelitis is a new bone infection that develops in about two weeks' time. It's more common in children and more likely to spread into bone through the blood. The most common cause is a bacterium called Staphylococcus aureus.

Chronic: Chronic osteomyelitis is more likely to occur if there is an open injury near a bone that allows bacteria to spread directly into the bone. This type of infection is more common in adults and can take from one to several months to develop

Symptoms

  • Tenderness over an infected bone
  • Redness and warmth of the skin
  • Drainage of pus from an open wound near a bone
  • Decreased ability to use the bone for movement and support
  • Children with acute osteomyelitis are likely to have fever, irritability, and lack of energy.

Causes

  • Diabetes (most cases of osteomyelitis stem from diabetes)
  • Sickle cell disease
  • HIV or AIDS
  • Rheumatoid arthritis
  • Intravenous drug use
  • Alcoholism
  • Long-term use of steroids
  • Hemodialysis
  • Poor blood supply
  • Recent injury

Diagnosis

Clinical suspicion, laboratory markers such as a high white blood cell count,fever and conformation by imaging study.

Risk Factors

  • Being very young or very old
  • Being a smoker
  • Having a type of disease or condition that lowers your body's ability to fight infections

Complications

  • recurrence of bone infection and bone destruction
  • impaired bone growth, especially when the growth plate is affected
  • pathologic fractures

Treatment

  • Antibiotic treatment for weeks to months
  • Surgery
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